Nervous System

Brain - The supervisory center of the nervous system in all vertebrates. It also serves as the site of emotions, memory, self-awareness, and thought. The main organ for handling all automatic and conscious functions of the body. It controls and processes all nerve and energy information and interprets feedback as pain.

Solar Plexus -The solar plexus is a dense cluster of nerve cells and supporting tissue. It is located behind the stomach in the region of the celiac artery just below the diaphragm. It controls many vital functions such as adrenal secretion and intestinal contraction.

Sciatic Nerve - Either of a pair of nerves, the largest in the body, that originate in the sacral plexus of the lower back and extend down the buttocks to the back of the knees, where they divide into other nerves: the sciatic nerve and its branches innervate large areas of the pelvis, leg, and foot. The sciatic nerve is the main nerve traveling down the legs that carries information back to the brain.

Sensory System

Neck / Helper to Eyes, Inner Ear - Definition Coming Soon

Eyes- The eyes, are the organs of vision and light perception. This information stimulates the hypothalamus, which passes the information on to the pineal gland. The pineal gland then regulates its production of the sleep-inducing chemical, melatonin, essentially setting the body's circadian clock.

Ears- The ears are the organs of hearing and equilibrium. The middle ear is separated from the outer ear by the eardrum and contains three small bones. Named for their shapes, these bones are known as the hammer (malleus), anvil (incus), and stirrup (stapes). Air reaches the middle ear through the Eustachian tube, or auditory tube, which connects it to the throat.

Eustachian Tube- The Eustachian tube is a hollow structure of bone and cartilage extending from the middle ear to the rear of the throat. By permitting air to leave or enter the middle ear, the tube equalizes air pressure on either side of the eardrum. The tube can become blocked, as by enlarged adenoids or the mucous secretions of a cold, so that external and internal pressure become imbalanced.

Respiratory System

Brounchial / Thyroid Helper- bronchial tube, cartilaginous tube

Sinuses / Outer Ear -The term sinus is used to describe a cavity or hollow space in the body, usually filled with air or blood. In humans the paranasal sinuses, mucus-lined cavities in the bones of the face, are connected by passageways to the nose and probably help to warm and moisten inhaled air. When drainage from them is blocked, as after a cold, these sinuses often become infected, a condition called sinusitis. The accumulation of pus results in pressure, headaches, pain, and general discomfort. In invertebrates one of the spaces among the muscles and viscera through which blood returns to the heart is also known as a sinus.

Sinuses / Inner Ear / Eye - Coming Soon.

Chest Lung -The human lungs are paired organs, located on either side of the heart and occupying a large portion of the chest cavity from the collarbone to the diaphragm. Air enters the body through a series of passages, beginning with the nose or mouth. It travels to the chest cavity through the trachea, which divides into two bronchi, each of which enters a lung.

Broncial- This bronchial refers to either of the two main branches of the trachea. These are the cartilaginous passages that carry air to the lungs.

Glandular System

Adrenals - One of a pair of ductless glands, located above the kidneys, consisting of a cortex, which produces steroidal hormones, and a medulla, which produces epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Liver - The Liver is a large, reddish-brown, glandular vertebrate organ located in the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity that secretes bile and is active in the formation of certain blood proteins and in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Pineal/ Hypothalamus - A small organ (about the size of a pea) situated in the brain. Long considered vestigial in humans, the structure, which is also called the pineal body or the epiphysis, is present in most vertebrates. It is sensitive to different levels of light and is essential to the functioning of an animal's biological clock. In many animals, including humans, the pineal gland synthesizes a hormone called melatonin in periods of darkness. Melatonin synthesis is halted when light hits the retina of the eye, sending impulses to the gland via the optic nerve. Besides influencing daily, or circadian, rhythms such those of as sleep and temperature, the pineal gland and melatonin appear to direct annual rhythms and seasonal changes in animals. The pineal gland and melatonin are now being studied for their roles in sleep, reproduction, aging, and seasonal affective disorder. In humans the pineal gland begins to produce melatonin at age 3 months; production falls steadily from puberty on.

Pituitary - small oval endocrine gland that lies at the base of the brain. It is sometimes called the master gland of the body because all the other endocrine glands depend on its secretions for stimulation

Thyroid - The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland located in the neck, that secretes hormones necessary for growth and proper metabolism. It consists of two lobes connected by a narrow segment called the isthmus.

Structural System

Atlas - The atlas vertebra is the top most bone in the spinal column, and is located where all the nerves ascend and descend to and from the brain.

Base of Skull - Coming Soon.

Cervical Spine (C1-C7) - The human spinal column consists of the 33 individual irregular bones called "vertebrae". It is divided into five sections called the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx regions. It makes up a major portion of the axial skeleton which provides support for the body and protection for the spinal cord. In between each vertebra is an inter-vertebral disc made of cartilage that provides cushion for the spine and allows flexibility. It is when this disc ruptures or slips that problems occur.

Shoulder / Arm - A ball and socket joint that provides an extreme amount of mobility, the shoulder girdle or shoulder is a very complex joint. It is comprised of the Humerus Bone of the upper arm, the Scapula or shoulder blade, and several muscles, tendons, and ligaments.

7th Cervical - The atlas vertebra is the top most bone in the spinal column, and is located where all the nerves ascend and descend to and from the brain.

Thoracic Spine (T1-T12) - The thoracic spine refers to the12 vertebrae (T1-T12) located in thoracic region of the body. In essence the bones at the back of the chest.

Lumbar Spine (L1-L5) - The lumbar spine refers to the 5 vertebrae (L1-L5) located in lower region of the body. In essence the bones at the back of the loin.

Sacral Spine - The lumbar spine refers to the 5 vertebrae (L1-L5) located in lower region of the body. In essence the bones at the back of the loin.

Hip - The atlas vertebra is the top most bone in the spinal column, and is located where all the nerves ascend and descend to and from the brain.

Coccyx (Tail Bone) - The atlas vertebra is the top most bone in the spinal column, and is located where all the nerves ascend and descend to and from the brain.

Urinary System

Kidneys - The The kidneys are 2 small bean-shaped organs, each about the size of your fist. They are located in the middle of your back, just below your rib cage, on either side of your spine. The kidneys receive up to 20 percent of the blood pumped by the heart. Every day, your kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood to sift out about 2 quarts of waste products and extra water. Filter toxins, regulate acidity of blood, control water levels in body.

Ureter Tube - Allow urine to flow from kidneys into bladder.

Bladder - Holds urine until it becomes full and then triggers the urge to urinate.

Immune System

Spleen - The spleen is a ductless, vertebrate gland that is not necessary for life but is closely associated with the circulatory system, where it functions in the destruction of old red blood cells and removal of other debris from the bloodstream, and also in holding a reservoir of blood. Recycles blood cells, stores iron,makes antibodies, rids body of bacteria.

Tonsils - Masses of lymph that filter germs, bacteria & viruses that enter through the nose & mouth. 

Thymus - The thymus is a bi-lobed, grayish organ located in the thoracic cavity just below the neck. Makes T-Cells, Controls strength of muscle contraction and lymph flow

Lymphatic - Carries impurities away from the blood for filtering and reprocessing.

Reproductive System

Fallopian Tube -  either of a pair of tubes extending from the uterus to the paired ovaries in the human female.

Spermatic Cord -  the cord by which a testis is suspended in the scrotum, containing the vas deferens and the blood vessels and nerves of the testis.

Ovary - A ductless gland of the female in which the ova (female reproductive cells) are produced. In vertebrate animals the ovary also secretes the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone, which control the development of the sexual organs and the secondary sexual characteristics.

Testies - one of a pair of glands that produce the male reproductive cells, or sperm.

Uterus - The human female uterus is a pear-shaped and hollow muscular organ in which the fetus develops and from which it is delivered at the end of  pregnancy. It is about 3 in. (7.6 cm) long (it expands greatly during pregnancy. It is an organ about the size of a chestnut and consists of glandular and muscular tissue. It is situated below the neck of the bladder, encircling the urethra.

Prostate - The human male  prostate produces a thin, milky, alkaline fluid that is secreted into the urethra at the time of emission of semen, providing an added medium for the life and motility of sperm.

Digestive System

Pancreas Head  - The pancreas head serves digestion, making enzymes to break down starches fats & proteins.

Pancreas Tail - The pancreas tail makes insulin to  of muscle regulate blood sugar levels.

Esophagus - The esophagus is a muscular canal, about 23 to 25 cm. long, extending from the pharynx to the stomach.

Gall Bladder - The Gall bladder is a small, pear-shaped muscular sac, located under the right lobe of the liver, in which bile secreted by the liver is stored until needed by the body for digestion.

Small Intestine - expands to receive food, digests it using combination of muscle contraction and acid.

Pancreas - First part of small intestine. Located between stomach and jejunum. After foods combine with stomach acid, they descend into the  duodenum where they mix with bile from the gall bladder and digestive juices from the pancreas.

Ascending Colon -  digests and assimilates nutrients from food.

Transverse Colon -  the middle portion of the colon, lying across the upper abdominal cavity between the ascending colon on the right and the descending colon on the left.

Appendix -  A Blind pouch with no known function that extends from the beginning of the large intestine.

Ilieo-cecal Valve -  The ileocecal valve connects the cecum to the colon. This valve can be viewed as a one way street. It only allows material to flow from the small intestine into the cecum and then colon, and not the other way.

Ascending Colon -  the first portion of the colon, beginning at the cecum in the lower right abdominal cavity and continuing upward along the right posterior abdominal wall to approximately the lower ribs.

Hepatic Flexure -  The bend in the large intestine located in the left side of the abdomen (just under the stomach and spleen) where the ascending colon and transverse colon are connected.

Sigmoid Flexure -  an S-shaped curve of the large intestine between the descending colon and the rectum.

Descending Colon -  the last portion of the colon, beginning at the upper left abdomen in the region of the spleen and continuing downward along the left posterior wall to the sigmoid flexure.

Sigmoid Colon -  A curved part of the large intestine that extends from the rectum to the descending colon on the left side of the abdomen and which includes the sigmoid flexure.

Muscular System

Face & Mouth -  The muscles on the face and mouth that are stimulated by reflex massage.

Neck -  The forward portion of the neck where the glands are located.

Side of Neck -  Contains the muscles that become stiff in the event of back strain.

Middle Back -  The portion of the back between the wing bones and the waist.

Diaphragm -  The diaphragm is the muscle that causes the lungs to move. It acts as a partition between the cavity of the chest and that of the abdomen. It is relaxed and dome-shaped during exhalation. During inhalation it contracts, pulling downward, and with the combined contraction of the chest muscles allows the chest cavity to expand. Any interference with its free movement, as in the paralysis of poliomyelitis, seriously impedes the function of the lungs and therefore endangers life. In its downward movement the thoraco-abdominal diaphragm also stimulates the stomach and liver and thus aids in the digestive processes.

Perineum -  The perineum is the general region between the anus and the genital organs.